Complete List of Volcanoes in India
- Updated on 16 Nov 2022
- Academics
- Prakriti Dhodare
- 2 mins read
Do you know how many volcanoes in India are active? Don’t you think your kid must know the names of the volcanoes in India and how they erupt? Here, you will learn about volcanoes in India and their types.
What is Volcano?
An opening in the earth’s crust via lava, ash, and gases erupt is known as a Volcano. It includes the cone-shaped landform built by repeated eruptions over time. When a volcano explodes, magma is driven up through the opening with terrific force. When magma reaches the earth‘s surface, it is known as Lava. Lava can be 2,200°F (1,204°C) hot. Some volcanic outbursts are explosive.
Types of Volcanoes
1) Cinder Cones
The cinder cones are the most basic volcanoes. It is built from particles and blobs of coagulated lava ejected from a particular vent. Gases inside the molten rock are too high and are blown hurled into the air. As a result, they congeal into large chunks that shatter and drop like cinders around the vent to create a layer. Usually, cinder cones have a bowl-shaped crater at the panel. They rarely rise more than a thousand feet above their surroundings.
2) Composite Volcanoes
The composite volcanoes are also known as stratovolcanoes. They are generally steep-sided symmetrical cones of large dimensions constructed of alternating layers of lava flow, volcanic ash, cinders, blocks, and bombs that can rise to 8,000 feet above their bases.
When a composite volcano becomes dormant, erosion begins to destroy the cone. As the cone is deprived away, the hardened magma filling the tube (the volcanic plug) and fissures (the dikes) becomes exposed, and later it is slowly reduced by erosion.
3) Shield Volcanoes
A shield volcano forms when a volcano produces low-viscosity, runny lava that spreads far from the source and creates a volcano with gentle slopes. This process is known as a shield volcano. Most of it is formed from fluid, and basaltic lava flows.
4) Lava Domes
Domes originate from the slow extrusion of highly viscous silicic lava. Lava domes commonly do not have enough gas or pressure to explode explosively, although violent activity may sometimes follow them. They are formed by thick magma emitting effusively onto the surface and then stacking up around the vent. Most domes are minor, and many do not even have a crater. Some dome-forming outbursts start with highly explosive eruptions that shrink into dome-building ones as the gas scope in the magma reduces.Â
How many volcanoes are in India?
There is a total of eight volcanoes in India. Among them, only one volcano is active (Barren Island). The remaining volcanoes are not in an active stage (which means they have not recently erupted), including mud volcanoes in India. The most recent eruption happened in 2017. It is the only active volcano from Sumatra to Myanmar in the chain of volcanoes. Barren Island is a tourist place surrounded by water in the Andaman Sea and dominated by Barren Volcano.
List of volcanoes in India with names
| Name | Location | Last Eruption | Type |
| Barren Island | Andaman Islands | Active since 2017 | Stratovolcano (Active) |
| Narcondam | Andaman Islands | 1681 | Stratovolcano (Dormant) |
| Deccan Plateau | Central India | 25 million years ago | Caldera |
| Baratang Island | Andaman Islands | Active since 2003 | Mud volcanoes (Not very active) |
| Dhinodhar Hills | Gujarat | 500 million years ago | Extinct |
| Dhosi Hill | Haryana | 750 million years ago | Extinct |
| Tosham Hills | Haryana | 732 million years ago | Extinct |
| Loktak Lake | Manipur | 100 million years ago | Supervolcanic caldera (Unknown) |
Frequently Asked Questions
1) How Many Extinct Volcanoes Are There in India?
Answer: Dhosi Hill is an extinct volcano in India situated at the northwestern end of the Aravali mountain range, rising 345 to 470 metres above the surrounding land. Also, the part of the Aravalli Mountain Range.
2) Which is the Only Active Volcano in India?
Answer: Barren Island Volcano (Stratovolcano) is the only confirmed volcano in India. It is an island in the Andaman Sea on the Indian subcontinent. It is in a chain stretching from Sumatra to Myanmar.
3) Which is the largest volcano in India?
Answer: Barren Island is the largest volcano in India. It is 354 metres high and the only active volcano in India.
