Natural Sources of Water Class 4 EVS | Orchids
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Natural Sources of Water for Class 4 EVS

  • Water is very essential for every living being. Rain is the ultimate source of water on Earth. Seas, oceans and rivers are the natural sources of water.
  • Rainwater helps maintain the level of surface and underground water.
  • Rivers, lakes, wells and underground water are sources of freshwater. At the same time, the seas and oceans are saltwater sources.
  • Visit the following link to know more about water and its resources
natural sources of water

Importance of Water Conservation

Question 1:

Why Are Dams Built?

Answer:

  • Humans build dams over rivers which act as artificial water bodies.
  • Dams have a massive reservoir where the river water can be stored and diverted in different areas apart from the river's route.
  • Also, this water is used to produce hydroelectricity.
 Why Are Dams Built

Question 2:

What Is the Importance of Groundwater? Why Is It Essential When It Is Not Readily Available for Use.

Answer:

  • Groundwater is a significant source of fresh water after rivers and lakes.
  • The underground water is pumped with the help of bore wells and used for domestic and agricultural purposes.
  • The level of groundwater affects the level of water in lakes and wells. The lower the groundwater level, the lower the water level in wells and lakes.
Importance of Groundwater

Question 3:

What Are the Causes of Water Pollution?

Answer:

  • Around 1500 substances in different forms are recorded as pollutants in freshwater.
  • The water gets polluted due to the following factors:
    • Waste and chemicals are released from industries and factories.
    • Dumping of sewage and garbage in water bodies.
    • Overuse of detergents and cleaning chemicals which washes off to the water bodies.
    • Overuse of fertilisers and pesticides in agricultural fields, which, when reaching the water bodies, pollute them.
What Are the Causes of Water Pollution

Question 4:

How Does Water From Farms and Sewage Pipelines Make the River Water Unfit? Does It Affect the Plants and Animals in the Water Bodies?

Answer:

  • The water from farms and sewage pipelines is full of chemicals and pollutants.
  • These chemicals degrade the water quality in the water bodies, making it unsuitable for use.
  • Also, due to fertilisers washed off, enormous water plants grow on the surface of the water leading to overconsumption of oxygen available in the water.
  • It affects the animals in the water body and sometimes leads to migration or death.
Polluted Water

Question 5:

What Is ‘Hard Water’ and ’Soft Water?

Answer:

  • When the water contains a higher amount of minerals like calcium and magnesium in it, it is called hard water.
  • Due to the presence of minerals, it tastes different.
  • What Is ‘Hard Water’ and ’Soft Water
  • Soaps and detergents do not dissolve well in hard water; hence less foam is formed while using hard water. Underground water in some places is hard water.
  • Soft water, however, contains very few or no minerals. It is mostly tasteless. Example: rainwater.

Question 6:

In Some Places, You Get Plenty of Water in Wells, but in Others, You Do Not Get Any. Explain Why.

Answer:

  • The level of water in wells depends on the level of underground water.
  • In the areas with open grounds that are not covered with cemented coverings, the rainwater is absorbed well by the soil, leading to the recharging of the aquifer.
  • On the other hand, the covering of bricks and cemented roads do not allow the water to seep down the soil, leading to a low groundwater level.
  • Therefore, in some places, you get plenty of water in wells, but in others, you do not get any.
underground water

Question 7:

What Are the Effects of Flood?

Answer:

The effects of floods are as follows:

  1. Loss of life and livestock.
  2. Damage to the crops.
  3. Scarcity of potable water.
  4. The onset of infectious diseases like diarrhoea and typhoid.
  5. The onset of infectious diseases like diarrhoea and typhoid.

Uses of water

Question 1:

What Will Happen if the ‘Sedimentation’ or ‘Aeration’ Are Done Before ‘Filtration’ in Wastewater Treatment?

Answer:

  • The wastewater comprises different types of waste that must be segregated before treatment.
  • Filtration helps remove large insoluble waste at the very first step, leading to a considerable decrease in the garbage in the wastewater.
  • This decrease in waste helps in the efficient processing of further steps.

Question 2:

What Is Hydroelectricity? How Is Hydroelectricity Produced?

Answer:

  • Most hydroelectricity generating plants are equipped with a machine called a turbine.
  • The water from a height is allowed to fall on these turbines, making them rotate at a considerable speed.
  • These turbines are attached to generators which produce electricity due to the rotation of turbines.
What Is Hydroelectricity

Question 3:

The Farmer Makes Trenches in the Farm Before Sowing the Seeds. What Is the Purpose of Doing This?

Answer:

  • Making the trenches in the farm and sowing the seeds on top aids the flow of water.
  • steps in agriculture
  • Trenches in the field allow the even supply of water to all the seeds and later to the plants.
  • It prevents water logging and promotes a good yield of crops.

Question 4:

How Does Water Help in Extinguishing Fire?

Answer:

  • The basic idea followed while extinguishing a fire is to cut the supply of oxygen to the burning substance.
  • As the water is poured over a substance, it cuts the supply of oxygen and extinguishes the fire.
  • But this method is ineffective in case of fire caused due to oil.
  • Also water should never be used in case of a fire caused due to short circuit or chemical fire. It may worsen the situation.
How Does Water Help in Extinguishing Fire

Question 5:

What Happens to Our Bodies if We Do Not Drink Water for Too Long?

Answer:

The effects of lack of water in our body are as follows:

  • Feeling of thirst, dehydration and reduced urination.
  • Dry mouth, weakness of muscles and dizziness.
  • Severe effects like unconsciousness, dry skin and lack of sweating can be observed in the long run.
dehydration

Question 6:

List the Difference Between Drip Irrigation and Sprinkler Irrigation?

Answer:

  • Both these types of irrigation are practised to minimise water loss during irrigation. The main differences are as follows:
Drip Irrigation Sprinkler Irrigation
Water is supplied in the form of drops through porous water pipes. Water is supplied which the help of sprinklers attached to the long pipes laid on the ground.
It is helpful for small vine or vegetable crops grown on a small land. They are used for more giant farms.
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