Data Handling

Tally marks and Data Table

• Data handling is the process of arranging data in the particular form to make it easy to understand.
• One of the easiest arrangements is in the table form.
• Arranging data in the table is known as tabularization.

Let’s us understand how to read data that is represented in the table.

DATA TABLE

The above data table represents the number of white chocolate and dark chocolate received by each child.

From the table it is observed that:

1. Each child has received 15 chocolates.
2. Total number of white chocolates are 10 + 3 + 8 + 5 + 5 = 31
3. Total number of dark chocolates are 5 + 12 + 7 + 10 + 10 = 44
4. The number of dark chocolates is more than the number of white chocolates.
5. Mitali has 10 white chocolates and 5 dark chocolates.
6. Zoya has 3 white chocolates and 12 dark chocolates.
7. Sidra has 8 white chocolates and 7 dark chocolates.
8. Roshan has 5 white chocolates and 10 dark chocolates.
9. Owais has 5 white chocolates and 10 dark chocolates.

Example:

The data table below shows the number of eggs the hens laid during each month. Observe the table and answer the following questions:

DATA TABLE

1. In which month the maximum number of eggs were hatched?
2. In which month least number of eggs were hatched?
3. How many eggs were hatched al together?
4. How many more eggs were hatched in the month of February than in the month of April?
5. How many eggs were hatched in the month of January and May altogether.

Solution:

1. The data table shows that the maximum number of eggs were hatched in the month of February.
2. The data table shows that the least number of eggs were hatched in the month of May.
3. Add 15, 20, 18, 12 and 10 to get the total number eggs that were hatched.

15 + 20 + 18 + 12 + 10 = 75

Therefore, 75 eggs were hatched altogether.

4. Number of eggs hatched in February = 20

Number of eggs hatched in April = 12

Subtract 12 from 20 to get the difference.

20 – 12 = 8

Therefore, 8 more eggs were hatched in the month of February than in the month of April.

5. Number of eggs hatched in January = 15

Number of eggs hatched in May = 10

Add 15 and 10 to get the sum.

15 + 10 = 25

Therefore, 25 eggs were hatched altogether in the months of January and May.

Tally Marks

• Group of data are arranged in the table using tally marks.
• Tally Marks are used for making the count easy.
• It is represented as the set of five lines.
• The symbol used for tally marks is “|”.

The representation of the tally marks from 1 to 10 is shown in the image below.

Example:

Draw a frequency distribution for the above collections of fruits and answer the following question.

1. What is the total count of fruits?
2. Which fruit is maximum in count?
3. Which fruit is least in count?
4. How much more oranges are there than the banana?

Solution:

1. Add 9, 8 and 6 to get the sum.

9 + 8 + 6 = 23

Therefore, the total count of fruits is 23.

It is observed from the frequency distribution table that the apple is maximum in count.

It is observed from the frequency distribution table that the banana is minimum in count.

2. It is observed from the frequency distribution table that:
   Number of oranges are 8
   Number of bananas are 6.
   Subtract 6 from 8 to get the difference.
   8 – 6 = 2
   Therefore, there are 2 more oranges than the bananas.