EVS Class-5 NCERT Solutions, Chapter 12-: What If It Finishes

Cycle rickshaws do not require fuel, cars use either petrol or diesel, auto-rickshaws use CNG or diesel, and buses run on diesel. Petrol and diesel are required by these vehicles to ply on the roads.

Speeding vehicles cause the following problems:
i) Road accidents
ii) Damage to public property
iii) Pollution
iv) Civilian casualty

Cycles and cycle rickshaws run without petrol and diesel.

Auto-rickshaws, scooters, cars and buses give off smoke in the given picture.

I can see the following vehicles—
i) Auto-rickshaw
ii) Cycle rickshaw
iii) Car
iv) Bus
v) Scooter

I use my bicycle for coming to school.
[Students should mention their experience based on the above lines.]

We may have the following problems from the honking of vehicles—
i) Noise pollution
ii) Headache and nausea
iii) Discomfort among children
iv) Stress and fatigue
v) Lack of sleep

We may have the following problems from smoke coming out of vehicles—
i) Trouble in breathing
ii) Nausea and headache
iii) Lung diseases
iv) Headache and eye problems

My father uses his car, my mother uses her scooter, and my uncle uses his motorcycle to go to work.
[Students should mention their experience based on the above lines.]

Yes, I ride a bicycle. I go to the nearby supermarket, school and playground on my bicycle.
[Students should mention their experience based on the above lines.]

The traffic rules are discussed below—
i) The green light indicates to move, and the red light indicates to stop.
ii) One should never walk in the middle of the road.
iii) While crossing the road, one should look to the right, then left and again to the right direction before crossing.
iv) Zebra crossings should be used for crossing the road.
v) Footpath should be used by pedestrians while walking on the road.

We should use petrol and diesel judiciously because of the following reasons—
i) They are fossil fuels and take millions of years to form. Hence, once consumed, they will take a long time to stock up.
ii) Burning of petrol and diesel causes air pollution, and hence, using them judiciously would help control the pollution.
iii) Since petrol and diesel are non-renewable resources, we should save them for the future generation by using them judiciously.

Besides oil, minerals like coal, iron, copper, bauxite, gold, etc., are found deep inside the earth.

The following states in India have oil fields—
i) Assam
ii) Maharashtra
iii) Gujarat
iv) Andhra Pradesh

An increase in the number of vehicles may lead to the following problems—
i) Increase in road traffic.
ii) Air pollution and noise pollution.
iii) Increase in the number of road accidents

Switching off the engines of the vehicles at the red light on the road has the following benefits—
i) Leads to less consumption of fuel and contribute towards sustainable development.
ii) Reduction in air pollution and noise pollution.

The following solutions can be considered for solving the problems arising due to the growing number of vehicles—
i) Using public transport as far as possible.
ii) Carpooling with friends, colleagues or relatives.
iii) Following the concept of odd-even vehicle number plates.

Vehicles take energy from the following fuels/sources for running—
i) Petrol
ii) Diesel
iii) CNG
iv) Electric battery
v) Solar energy

Different people have different reasons for not using the bus. Some of them are listed below—
i) Journey in buses sometimes become uncomfortable due to the crowd.
ii) People who have private vehicles use them because it is convenient and comfortable.
iii) Timings of buses may not be suitable for all.

In 2014, as compared to 2007 the rate of petrol went up by 24.74 rupees. The rate of diesel increased by 28.49 rupees.

In my area, the price of petrol is Rs. 95 per litre and the rate of diesel is Rs. 90 per litre.
[Students should mention their experience based on the above lines.]

At my home, we use around 7-10 litres of diesel for operating generators and about 25-20 litres of petrol for the car.
[Students should mention their experience based on the above lines.]

The prices of petrol and diesel are going up because for the following reasons—
i) Overuse of petrol and diesel.
ii) Increase in population which is leading to increasing number of vehicles.
iii) The limited availability of fossil fuels.

Oil has the following uses—
i) It is used a fuel
ii) It is used as a lubricant.
iii) It is used in the synthesis of paints, plastics and ointments.

i) Diesel is used as a fuel in cars, tractors, trucks and trains.
ii) It is also used for operating huge machines and generators.

Unavailability of petrol or diesel for a week may lead to the following inconveniences—
i) Disturbance in daily life because of no vehicles plying on the roads.
ii) Disturbance in factories and small plants as diesel is used for operating some machinery.

The following measure, if adopted, can help in saving oil—
i) Replacing private vehicles by public transport whenever possible.
ii) Walking instead of using vehicles for short distances,
iii) Carpooling
iv) Switching off the engines of vehicles at red lights.
v) Use of renewable sources of energy like solar energy.
vi) Minimising the time of cooking food by cooking in covered utensils or soaking food items like rice and pulses in water.

Yes, people in my ancestral village depend on dry wood and leaves because they use it as a fuel to cook food on chulhas.
[Students should mention their experience based on the above lines.]

 My mother cooks food. In other families in my area, mostly women of the family cook food. However, in some families’ men also cook the food. Some of the families have maids for cooking food.

[Students should mention their experience based on the above lines.]

Yes, Durga can use LPG or kerosene for cooking food. But she is not able to afford these fuels as they are expensive.

Yes, I have collected dry wood to make bonfires during the winters. I have never made cow dung cakes but have seen some ladies in my ancestral village making them. For making cow dung cakes, they mix the cow or buffalo dung with hay and shape them like a cake. These cakes are then allowed to dry in the sun and are later used to generate heat.
[Students should mention their experience based on the above lines.]

84 houses.

Electricity.

5 houses.

Coal was used the least in 1996. In 1976 it was used in 5% of houses.

When they were young, coal and firewood were the main fuels used for cooking.

In the past 10 years, the use of LPG and electricity has increased in our area whereas the use of wood, coal and upla has decreased.

In the next 10 years, the use of LPG, electricity and solar energy will increase and the use of wood, coal and cow dung cakes will decrease.
[Students should mention their experience based on the above lines.]

I will design a vehicle with the following features—
i) It would be environment friendly, i.e., will produce less or no smoke.
ii) It will use electricity or solar energy for operating.

[Students should mention their experience based on the above lines.]

a) For old people, the bus floor should be low so that getting onto is easy and the bus must be well equipped with seat belts.
b) For children, the bus floor should be low with closed doors and grills on the windows.
c) For blind people, there should be tactile sensors at the bus gates and on the handles of the seats.
[Students should mention their experience based on the above lines.]

SLOGAN: “Save Fuel for Better World”
I will put up this poster near petrol filling stations.
[Students should mention their experience based on the above lines.]