NCERT Solutions For Class 7 English Chapter 8 – Fire- Friend and Foe
Chapter 8 of the NCERT Class 7 English textbook delves into the intricate relationship between humanity and fire. Fire, discovered by primitive humans, once shrouded in mystery, has now been demystified as a result of our understanding of the chemical reactions that give birth to it. Within the pages of this chapter, students embark on a journey to comprehend the dual nature of fire - both friend and foe. Fire, a potent and useful element of nature, holds the power to transform our lives. It serves as a faithful companion in our daily existence, facilitating activities like cooking, lighting candles, and heating our homes. In this light, fire is often referred to as "Mitra."
Comprehension Check
Mark the Correct Answer.
(I) Early Man Was Frightened Of
(a) Lightning and volcanoes
(b) The damage caused by them
(c) Fire
(ii) Fire is
(a) Fire is energy.
(b) Fire is heat and light.
(c) Fire is the result of a chemical reaction.
(i) (a) Fire
(ii) (c) Fire is the result of a chemical reaction.
From the Boxes Given Below Choose the One With the Correct Order of the Following Sentences.
(i) That is fire.
(ii) A chemical reaction takes place.
(iii) Energy in the form of heat and light is released.
(iv) Oxygen combines with carbon and hydrogen.
(A) (ii) (iii) (iv)
(B) (iii) (i) (iv)
(C) (iv) (iii) (ii) (i)
(D) (iv) (ii) (iii) (i)
(D) (iv) (ii) (iii) (i)
Working With the Text
When was Man’s first experience of fire?
(a) Man’s first experience of fire was caused by lightning
(b) While the man was rubbing stones
(c) When man witnessed volcanoes
(d) Both (b) and (c)
(d) Both (b) and (c)
What will probably happen when carbon and hydrogen are combined with oxygen?
(a) When carbon and hydrogen are combined with the oxygen they can cause fire
(b) When carbon and hydrogen are combined with the oxygen they can cease fire
(c)When carbon and hydrogen are combined with the oxygen they can explode
(d) None of the above
(a) When carbon and hydrogen are combined with the oxygen they can cause fire
What is the temperature known at which every fuel burns?
(a) It is known as the flush point
(b) It is known as the flash point
(c) It is known as the fire point
(d) All of the above
(b) It is known as the flashpoint
What can a fire be?
(a) Fire can be a good servant
(b) Fire can be created
(c) Fire can be a bad master
(d) Both (a) and (c)
(d) Both (a) and (c)
What Do You Understand by the “Flashpoint” of the Fuel?
The “flashpoint” of the fuel is a certain temperature at which it begins to burn, upon heating.
(a) What are Some Common Uses of Fire?
(b) In What Sense is It a “Bad Master”?
(a) Some common uses of fire are to c
(b) When a fire gets out of control, it becomes the “bad master”. It becomes dangerous and burns everything that comes into contact with it and causes the destruction of life and property.
What is formed when the energy is released in the form of heat and light?
(a) It forms fire
(b) It forms a chemical reaction
(c) It forms light energy
(d) Both (a) and (b)
(d) Both (a) and (b)
What happens when you lower the temperature below the flash point?
(a) It causes fire
(b) It will extinguish the fire
(c) It will lower the density
(d) None of the above
(b) It will extinguish the fire
Match Items in Column A With Those in Column B.
|
A |
B |
|
I. Fuel II. Oxygen III. Heat |
Lighted matchstick Air Coal Burning coal Wood Smouldering paper Cooking gas |
(i) Fuel – coal, cooking gas, wood
(ii) Oxygen – air
(iii) Heat – smouldering paper, lighted matchstick, burning coal.
What are the Three Main Ways in Which a Fire Can Be Controlled or Put Out?
A fire can be put out by removing one of the three things which are responsible for its cause.
(i) Ceasing the oxygen supply. If oxygen doesn’t reach the fire, it will immediately stop.
(ii) Removing the fuel, as burning cannot take place without the fuel.
(iii) Bringing the fuel’s temperature below its ‘flash point’.
Match the items in Box A with those in Box B.
|
A |
B |
|
|
(i) To burn paper or a piece of wood |
It absorbs heat from the burning material and lowers the temperature |
|
|
(ii) Small fires can be put out |
Reduces the risk of fire |
|
|
(iii) When water is spread on fire |
With a damp blanket |
|
|
(iv) A carbon dioxide extinguisher is the best thing |
We heat it before it catches fire |
|
|
(v) Space left between buildings |
To put out an electrical fire |
|
|
(i) To burn paper or a piece of wood |
We heat it before it catches fire |
|
(ii) Small fire can be put out |
With a damp blanket |
|
(iii) When Water is spread on fire |
It absorbs the heat from the burning material and lowers the temperature |
|
(iv) A carbon dioxide extinguisher is the best thing |
To put out an electrical fire |
|
(v) Space left between buildings |
Reduces the risk of fire |
Why Does a Burning Candle Go Out When You Blow on It?
When a candle is blown out, the hot air around the candle gets replaced by the cold air. The cold air then lowers the temperature of the candle below the flashpoint. As we know that no fuel burns below its flash point, so the candle goes out.
Spraying Water is Not a Good Way of Putting Out an Oil Fire or an Electric Fire. Why Not?
Spraying water onto an oil fire could be dangerous. When water is sprayed on an oil fire, the oil separates from the water and floats on the surface and hence continues to burn. The water flows quickly and carries the burning oil with it which further spreads the fire. In an electrical fire case, when the water is sprayed, it conducts an electric current and the person might get an electric shock and get severely injured.
What are the Three Main Ways in Which a Fire Can Be Controlled or Put Out?
Some things that we should do to prevent fire at home or school are:
(i) Inflammable substances must be handled with care.
(ii) To prevent fire due to short circuits, the fuse should be scrutinized regularly and overloaded wires should be replaced with new wires.
(iii) Inflammable substances like petrol and kerosene should not be stored in schools or at home. People should be made aware of storing fuel and their flashpoints.
(iv) Fire extinguishers must be installed and people should be taught about how they should be used in the hour of need.
(v) Contact numbers of the fire brigade and police should be kept on the speed dial in case of any emergency.
(vi) Any kind of fire should not be taken lightly and should be prevented before it spreads.
Working With Language
Read the Following Sentences.
To burn paper or a piece of wood, we heat it before it catches fire. We generally do it with a lighted match. Every fuel has a particular temperature at which it burns.
The verbs in italics are in the simple present tense. When we use it, we are not thinking only about the present. We use it to say that something happens all the time or repeatedly or that something is true in general.
Find ten examples of verbs in the simple present tense in the text ‘Fire: Friend and Foe’ and write them down here. Do not include any passive verbs.
Absorbs, Lowers, Burns, Bursts, Stops, Begins, Catches, Means, Takes, Comes
Fill In the Blanks in the Sentences Below With Words From the Box. You May Use a Word More Than Once.
|
Carbon, Cause, Fire, Smother |
(I) Gandhiji’s Life Was Devoted to the ___ of Justice and Fair Play.
(II) Have You Insured Your House Against ____?
(III) Diamond is Nothing but _____ in Its Pure Form.
(IV) If You Put Too Much Coal on the Fire at Once You Will ___ It.
(V) Smoking Is Said To Be the Main ___ of Heart Disease.
(VI) When Asked by an Ambitious Writer Whether He Should Put Some ____ Into His Stories, Somerset Maugham Murmured, “No, the Other Way Round”.
(VII) She is a ____ Copy of Her Mother.
(VIII) It is Often Difficult to ____ a Yawn When You Listen to a Long Speech on the Value of Time.
(I) Cause
(II) Fire
(III) Carbon
(IV) Smother
(V) Cause
(VI) Fire
(VII) Carbon
(VIII) Smother
One Word Is Italicized in Each Sentence. Find Its Opposite in the Box and Fill In the Blanks.
|
Spending, Shut, Destroy, Subtract, Increase |
(i) You were required to keep all the doors open, not ___.
(ii) PUPIL: What mark did I get in yesterday’s Maths test?
TEACHER: You got what you get when you add five and five and ____ ten from the total.
(iii) Run four kilometres a day to preserve your health. Run a lot more to ____ it.
(iv) If a doctor advises a lean and lanky patient to ____ reduce his weight further, be sure he is doing it to _____ his income.
(v) The world is too much with us; late and soon. Getting and _____ we lay waste our powers.
(i) Shut
(ii) Subtract
(iii) Destroy
(iv) Increase
(v) Spending
Use the Words Given in the Box To Fill In the Blanks in the Sentences Below.
|
Across, Along, Past, Through |
(I) The Cat Chased the Mouse …… the Lawn.
(II) We Were Not Allowed To Cross the Frontier. So We Drove …… It Went As Far as We Could and Came Back Happy.
(III) The Horse Went …… the Winning Post and Had To Be Stopped With Difficulty.
(IV) It is Not Difficult To See …….Your Plan. Anyone Can See Your Motive.
(V) Go ……. the Yellow Line, Then Turn Left. You Will Reach the Post Office in Five Minutes.
(i) Across
(ii) Along
(iii) Past
(iv) Through
(v) Along
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