Bromine Formula

Chemical Formula:

Bromine is a chemical element which has a symbol "Br" and has atomic number 35. It is classified under the halogen category of the periodic table, and it is also known to be a reddish-brown liquid at room temperature.

Physical Properties

State:

It is a reddish-brown liquid at normal temperature.

Melting Point:

Around -7.2 °C or 19 °F.

Boiling Point:

About 58.8 °C or 137.8 °F.

Density:

About 3.12 g/cm3 at 20 °C, so denser than water.

Solubility:

Slightly soluble in water at approximately 3 g/L and is almost completely soluble in organic solvents like carbon tetrachloride and chloroform.

Colour:

Deep red or reddish-brown liquid with a strong, characteristic odor.

Vapour:

On vaporization, bromine is reddish-brown in color with severe corrosive properties.

Molecular Weight:

Approximately 159.81 g/mol.

Chemical Properties

Bromine is very reactive chemical, especially with metals and organic compounds. The Important Chemical Properties along with the Relevant Reactions are as follows:

Reaction with Metals:

Bromine vigorously reacts with most of the metals and forms bromides.

Balanced Chemical Equation:

Sodium bromide is formed when sodium reacts with bromine.

Displacement Reactions of Halogens:

Bromine can displace another halogen from its salt.

Balanced Chemical Equation

Chlorine displaces bromine from potassium bromide.

Reactions of Bromine with Hydrocarbons:

Bromine reacts with alkenes and alkynes by an electrophilic addition reaction.

Balanced Chemical Equation:

(Chlorine displaces bromine from potassium bromide.)

Reactions with Hydrocarbons:

Bromine reacts with alkenes and alkynes in an electrophilic addition reaction.

Example Reaction:

(Bromine reacts with hydrogen to form hydrogen bromide.)

Reactions with Water:

Bromine may react with water, producing hypobromous acid

Example Reaction:

Application

Chemical Manufacturing:

Bromine is used to produce various bromine compounds such as brominated flame retardants that enhance the inherent flame retardancy of plastics and textiles.

Agriculture:

Used in some pesticides and herbicides, notably as methyl bromide for fumigation

Pharmaceuticals:

Bromine compounds are applied in the production of many pharmaceutical products, such as sedatives and antiseptics.

Water Treatment:

It is used in the disinfection of swimming pools and cooling towers, as bromine is efficient in killing bacteria and algae.

Dyes and Photography:

It is used for the preparation of dyes and photographic reagents, in particular, silver bromide, is used in photographic films.

Organic Synthesis:

This compound acts as a reagent in organic synthesis, in particular, the bromination of organic compounds to incorporate bromine atoms.

Flame Retardants:

It is mixed to many goods, for instance when dressing of textiles, plastics, or electronic wires in order to make them fire-resistant.

Conclusion

Bromine is an important versatile chemical with massive usage in different applications such as the various processes involved in the manufacture, agriculture, pharmaceutical, and even in water treatment. Its specific characteristics which include being liquid at room temperatures together with being very strong in oxidation add on to usage in chemical reactions. However, bromine is also toxic; safety precautions must be taken during work with it due to its corrosive nature and possible health risks. After all, bromine remains one of the key components in contemporary chemistry and industry.