Components of Food

1.Why Do Bodybuilders Take Protein Shakes?

• Bodybuilders exercise to build and tone up their body muscles.
• Protein shakes are extra protein supplements rich in amino acids, which are the building blocks of body muscles.
• Examples of protein-rich food are meat, fish, and soya bean.

2.What Is Nutrition?

• The process by which we obtain nutrients and energy from food for body growth and development is called nutrition.
• The mode of nutrition is either autotrophic, like plants or heterotrophic, like animals.

3.What Is Anaemia, and How Can It Be Treated?

• Anaemia is a deficiency disease characterised by low levels of haemoglobin, a red pigment in our blood.
• Haemoglobin plays a vital role in the transport of oxygen in our body.
• To treat anaemia, we should intake foods rich in iron like liver, spinach, red meat, raw banana etc.

4.What Is an Essential Micronutrient?

• Vitamins and minerals are essential micronutrients.
• These nutrients are needed in small amounts but are essential to boost our body’s immunity.
• These are also called protective foods because they help us to fight against diseases.
• Examples: Vitamin A, Vitamin C, Iron, and Zinc.

5.What Is Glycogen?

• Glycogen is a carbohydrate.
• The building unit of glycogen is glucose. A large number of glucose molecules get linked together to form glycogen.
• The food we eat is used to produce energy. The extra food not utilised immediately for energy production gets stored in our body as glycogen to form a layer of fat.
• This food is used by the body to produce energy when required.

6.What Is Dehydration?

• Dehydration is the extreme loss of bodily fluids, affecting the body's essential functions.
• A few symptoms of dehydration are- feeling thirsty, excreting dark yellow coloured urine, and feeling lightheaded and tired.
• ORS helps to manage the loss of body fluids.

7.Why Is Calciferol Essential for the Body?

• Vitamin D is known as calciferol.
• This vitamin helps to absorb calcium from a variety of foods. Calcium helps calcify bones and makes our bones and teeth stronger.
• Foods like mushrooms, liver, eggs, and sea fish are rich in calciferol.

8.How Are Vitamins Categorised?

Vitamins can be categorised into two types:

9.What Is Scurvy, and How Can It Be Treated?

• Scurvy is a deficiency disease that is caused due to a lack of vitamin C.
• A few distinctive symptoms of scurvy are swollen and bleeding gums, teeth sometimes falling out, skin bruises and excessive joint pain, and feeling tired and restless.
• Scurvy can be treated with vitamin C supplements.

10.What Is the Meaning of Staple Food?

• he food that makes up a significant portion of our diet is called staple food.
• Rice and chapatti (wheat) are a staple food in our country.

11.How Can Starch Be Identified in a Food?

• Starch can be identified using an iodine solution.
• Iodine solution gives a blue-black colour in the presence of starch.

12.What Is Night Blindness, and How Can It Be Treated?

• Night blindness is a deficiency disease caused due to deficiency of vitamin A.
• It is characterised by excessive squinted and blurred vision at night.
• Vitamin A supplements can treat night blindness. This vitamin treats dry cornea and damaged retina and thus can improve vision.
• Some examples of food rich in Vitamin A are eggs, carrots and green leafy vegetables.

13.What Is Vitamin B Complex?

• The Vitamin B complex is a group of vitamins soluble in water.
• The Vitamin B complex is made up of eight types of vitamins, which are- vitamins B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B9, and B12.
• This group of vitamins helps in the metabolism of cells, regulation of appetite and digestion and maintaining cardiovascular health.

14.What Is Kwashiorkor?

• Kwashiorkor is a severe form of malnutrition caused due to deficiency of proteins in a child's body.
• The symptoms of kwashiorkor are- stunted growth and fluid retention in the body tissues.

15.Why Are Zinc Supplements Given to COVID Patients?

• Zinc is an essential micronutrient that helps in body growth, development and wound healing.
• Zinc supplements can cure respiratory infections that are similar to Covid-19.