Shoot System

1) What Do You Understand by the Venation of a Leaf? Name Two Types of Venations Seen in Plants.

• The arrangement of veins on the surface of a leaf is called venation.
• Venation can be parallel or intricate.
• Examples of parallel venation—Grass, wheat, and rice.
• Examples of intricate venation—Hibiscus, Rose, Mango, etc.

2) Can You Tell the Number of Cotyledons in a Seed by Looking at the Venation on Its Leaves?

• Yes, the number of cotyledons in the seed can be identified by looking at the venation of the leaf of the plant.
• The plants with parallel venation have monocot seeds, i.e., the seeds have one cotyledon.
• The plants with reticulate venation have dicot seeds, i.e., the seeds have two cotyledons.

3) What Are the Functions of Offsets in Water Hyacinths?

• Offset is a runner that originates from the axis of the leaf of a plant.
• It participates in vegetative propagation and helps in the rapid growth of the water hyacinth plant.

4) What Are Tendrils? Write One Function of the Tendril.

• Tendrils are the modified stems generally found in climbers.
• Since climbers do not have strong stems, they develop tendrils that help them grow along horizontal support.
• Examples: Pea plant, grapevine.