The formula for calcium hydroxide is Ca(OH)₂. Sometimes it is also referred to as slaked lime, or its alternative name could be hydrated lime when involving the application in various areas like the treatment of water, construction, and neutralizing agents.

Physical properties of Calcium Hydroxide

Appearance at Room Temperature: Solid-it is commonly a white, powdery, or granular solid

Color: White

Odor: Odorless

Density: 2.21 g/cm³

Melting Point: Decomposes at approximately 580°C (1076°F)

Water Solubility: Sparingly soluble, about 1.73 g/100 mL at 20° C, forms a basic solution called limewater

Organic Solvent Solubility: Insoluble

Chemical properties of Calcium Hydroxide

Reaction with Acids: It also reacts with acids, yielding calcium salts and water.

Reaction with Carbon Dioxide: Reacts with carbon dioxide to form calcium carbonate.

Decomposition: It decomposes on heating to calcium oxide and water.

Reaction with Water: Forms a basic solution called limewater; slightly soluble in water.

The above properties indicate that calcium hydroxide reacts with acids, and carbon dioxide, and undergoes decomposition at high temperatures.

Application of Calcium Hydroxide

Water Treatment: It neutralizes acidity in drinking water and wastewater, removing impurities.

Construction: Employed in lime mortar and plaster in building and repair work.

Soil Stabilization: This is majorly used for improving the nature of soil for several constructions.

Chemical Manufacturing: Used as a chemical reagent in the production of many chemicals, including calcium carbonate.

Agriculture: It is used in adjusting the pH of the soil and giving the soil more value.

Food Industry: Used in food processing, such as making tortillas, and in the adjustment of acidity in various foods.

Conclusion

The great versatility of calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)₂, underlies its most important applications in many industries: water treatment, building, road construction-soil stabilization, and the manufacture of chemicals. It is also greatly used in agriculture for the adjustment of the pH of soils and in food processing. This wide array of uses underlines its value for environmental management and industrial processes, besides those in everyday applications.

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