Weather Condition

• When you watch television, do you check the weather updates on the news channels?
• From weather updates, we get to know about the weather at various places in our country.

The news readers inform us about the temperature, wind currents, rain, storms, etc.

• On rainy days, they show how much it will rain in different areas in the country.
• During the rest of the year, they show the minimum and maximum temperatures of the main cities.

1. It is rainy out there in Mumbai.
2. It is very cold in Delhi.
3. It is too hot in Nagpur.
4. There is a cyclone coming towards the coast of West Bengal.

• Weather changes from time to time.
• The cool and pleasant weather in the morning may change to scorching hot in the afternoon and soon changes to normal conditions in the evening. Nights become colder than the days.
• During rainy days, we see dark clouds in the sky. We experience heavy rains during monsoons. After a downpour, the sky becomes clear.

• When we say that it is very cold or hot out there, we are speaking about the temperature of the air in our surroundings.
• The temperature rises from morning to afternoon and decreases from afternoon to night. In many places, the temperature remains very low during midnight and morning.
• When we mention temperature, we say degree centigrade after it.
• Degree centigrade (ºC) is the unit of temperature.
• We use thermometers to measure the temperature.

• Moving air is called wind.
• Hot air always moves up, and cold air from the surroundings gushes to fill the empty space, creating wind currents.

• As the temperature rises from day to afternoon, the water from different water bodies transforms into vapour and moves upward.
• The temperature reduces as the water vapours move upward, so they again transform into crystal-like water droplets and float in the sky. These are called clouds.
• Clouds may vary in size. Some clouds form layers, and some look like massive cotton balls.

• Rain is a vital weather factor because excessive rain causes floods, but scanty rain causes droughts.
• When the tiny droplets of crystallised water vapour get bigger and heavier, they cannot float in the sky. So, they start falling on the Earth.
• In colder regions, we see snowfall in the winter instead of rainfall. In this case, the crystallised water droplets transform into ice crystals due to the low temperature.
• Some important words related to rain are—
  • Precipitation: It is the falling of rain as rainwater or snow.
  • Drizzle: A type of light rain.
  • Mist: When tiny droplets of water float in the air at a cold temperature, that is called mist. It is lighter than a drizzle. We cannot see much if it is misty everywhere.
  • Cloudburst: Extremely heavy rainfall at any particular place for a short time.

• When there are no clouds in the sky, the sun shines brightly, and we feel warm. It is called sunny weather. In this weather, we like to stay indoors. We drink plenty of water and fruit juices to keep us hydrated. We like to eat cold foods like ice-creams, chilled shakes, etc.
• It is called cloudy weather if the sky is filled with clouds and the sun is not visible. This type of weather is not pleasant and very humid. Due to this, we sweat a lot.
• When it rains heavily, we call it rainy weather. Sometimes there are lightning and thunderstorms in this type of weather. We enjoy piping hot fritters at home and float paper boats in this weather.
• During thunderstorms, the wind moves so strongly that it can destroy many things.
• It is called snowy weather when the temperature falls, and we feel cold and experience snowfall. We do not see this type of weather all over India but in many places like Sikkim, Jammu and Kashmir, Uttarakhand etc. We wear woollen clothes in this type of weather to keep ourselves warm.