We know liquids flow. We can say it how slow or fast it flows. Can somebody tell at what rate Fluid flows? To calculate that, let's learn about the flow rate. The flow rate of a liquid is the amount of fluid passing through an area in a specific period of time. Flow rate can be quantified either in terms of velocity and cross-sectional area, or time and volume. Since liquids cannot be compressed, the rate flowing into an area must equal the rate flowing out of an area. This is called the equation of continuity.

Formula 

Flow rate is the volume of fluid which flows in a given time. It is measured in litres per metre lpm or gallons per metre gpm. It is expressed as

Where,

• cross-sectional area is A and

• fluid velocity is v.

Flow rate can be stated also as the rate at which the volume of fluid filled (C) in a particular time (t). It can also stated also as 

Where,

• the volume of fluid filled is C

• time taken for flow is t

Flow rate formula provides vast usage in fluid dynamics for the calculation of velocity, area or flow rate.

Flow Rate Solved Problem

Problem 1: If fluid is flowing at the velocity of 20 m/s through a tube of diameter 0.03 m, then determine the flow rate of fluid.

Answer:

Velocity of fluid flow v =20m/s

Diameter of pipe d=0.03m

Area of cross-section of the pipe,

A={(3.14)/4}(0.03)(0.03)

A =(0.785)(0.0009)

A=0.000706m2

Flow rate is given by 

Q = vA

Q =(20)(0.000706)

Q=0.014139m2/s

Understanding flow rate is crucial in many scientific and engineering applications. Practice with different examples to gain a solid grasp of the concepts!

 

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