Strain Formula

The strain formula is the extent to which a material is stretched upon being stressed. It is defined as the change in length of the material divided by its original size. The value thus obtained is called strain and it is dimensionless, meaning it carries no units.

Formula For Strain

The formula is given by

Where,

• x is a change in dimension 

• L is the original dimension

Types of Strain

There are three types of strain:

Longitudinal Strain

It is defined as the ratio of the change in length to the original length.

Where,

• Change in length is Δl

• Original length is l

Shearing Strain

It is given as the ratio of change in angle to which it is turned to its distance from the fixed layer.

Volumetric Strain

It is defined as the ratio of change in volume to the original volume.

Where,

• ∆V = Change in volume,

• V= original volume.

Strain Solved Examples

The following numerical with a strain formula might be useful for you

Problem 1: The length of an elastic band is 5 cm. It is stretched such that its length increases by 2 mm. Find the strain.

Solution:

Given: 

Change in length  x = 2 mm,

Original length   L = 5 cm

The strain is given as,

Problem 2: A 3 m long iron bar is heated. It stretches by 0.5 mm. Determine the strain.

Solution:

Given,

x (Change in length)= 0.5 mm,

L (Original length) = 3 m

The equation for strain is given by

 

 

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