- Pictograph is the representation of the set of data using images or symbols.
- Each image or the symbol should be of same shape and size.
- Each image or the symbol of the pictograph represents the frequency of the object in the set of data.
- A key is mentioned in the pictograph which tell us what the image or the symbols represents.
- The image below shows the pictograph that represents the data of the favorite fruits of 30 students.
Interpret the Pictographs
- The title of the pictograph tells us what the data is about.
- The key represents the data value of each symbol or the images.
- The pictograph below shows the data of the number of apples sold in 5 days.
From the graph it can be observed that:
- Maximum symbols of apples are on Friday. Therefore, maximum number of apples were sold on Friday.
- Minimum symbols of apples are on Tuesday. Therefore, minimum number of apples were sold on Tuesday.
- The key of the pictograph is: 1 symbol of apples = 2 apples sold.
- Number of symbols on Monday are 6.
Value of each symbol = 2 apples sold.
Therefore, number of apples sold on Monday = 2 × 6 = 12 or it can be calculated by adding 2 six times, i.e.,
2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 12
- Number of apples sold on other days can be calculated in the similar way.
Advantage of Pictograph
- It is easy to read and understand the data.
- For drawing a pictograph much information is not required.
- It requires only the information about the object and its frequency to construct a pictograph.
Steps to draw a Pictograph
Example:
Given below is the data of the favorite subjects of the group of students.
Subjects |
Number of Students |
Maths |
15 |
English |
24 |
Hindi |
6 |
Science |
21 |
Draw a pictograph that represents the given information and answer the following question:
- Which subject is liked by the maximum number of students?
- Which subject is liked by least number of students?
- How many more students like science than Maths?
Solution:
The pictograph is:
- The graph shows that the maximum number of students liked English.
- The graph shows that Hindi is liked by the least number of students.
- Number of students who liked Science = 21
Number of students who liked Math = 15
Subtract 15 from 21 to get the difference.
21 – 15 = 6
Therefore, 6 more students liked Science than Maths.