Charge Density is an electrostatic quantity which describes the density of electric charge within a specified space. It is helpful in describing electric fields and forces in various contexts.

Definition: Charge density can be defined to be electric charge per unit volume, area, or length, and it shows the extent to which a particular space contains charge.

Formulae 

Linear Charge Density

where q is the charge and l is the length over which it is distributed

S.I unit of Linear charge density is coulomb/m

Surface Charge Density

σ = q / A

where q is the charge and A is the area over which it is distributed

S.I unit of Linear charge density is coulomb/m3

Volume Charge Density

ρ = q / v

where q is the charge and V is the volume over which it is distributed

S.I unit of Linear charge density is coulomb/m3

Solved Example

Example: Find the charge density if a charge of 8 C is present in a cube of 4 m3

Solution:

Given,

Charge q = 8 C

Volume v = 4 m3

Charge density formula is given by

ρ = q / v

   = 8 / 4

Charge density ρ = 2 C/m3

 

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