Division: Step-by-Step Guide with Examples for Class 4 Students

Division is one of the four basic operations in maths, along with addition, subtraction, and multiplication. It helps us share things equally or group them into smaller sets.

For example, if you have 12 chocolates and want to share them equally among 3 friends, you divide 12 by 3. Each friend gets 4 chocolates. So, we write:
12 ÷ 3 = 4

In Class 4, you will learn how to divide larger numbers, understand terms like dividend, divisor, quotient, and remainder, and solve real-life problems using division.

Table of Contents

• What is Division?
• Division Formula
• Methods of Division
• Solved Examples on Division
• Practice Questions on Division
• Division Worksheet for Class 4

What is Division?

Division is one of the four basic operations in mathematics. It is the process of splitting a number into equal groups or parts. When you divide a number, you are breaking it down into smaller, equal portions. Division helps us share things fairly and find how many times one number fits into another number.

The symbol used for division is either a forward slash (/) or a division symbol (÷). For example, 12 ÷ 3 means we are dividing 12 by 3.

Division Formula

The division formula shows the relationship between the different parts of a division problem. Every division operation has four main components that work together.

• Dividend ÷ Divisor = Quotient with Remainder
• Dividend = (Divisor × Quotient) + Remainder

Methods of Division

There are several different methods used to perform division. Each method is useful in different situations, and learning multiple approaches helps build a strong understanding of this important operation.

Long Division Method

Long division is a systematic method for dividing large numbers. This method works step by step, from left to right. It is called long division because the process takes several steps and can look quite long on paper.

Short Division Method

Short division is a quicker version of long division. It is used for dividing by single-digit numbers. In short division, you still work from left to right through the digits of the dividend, but you write down fewer numbers.

Division by Repeated Subtraction

Division by repeated subtraction is a basic method that shows what division really means. In this method, you subtract the divisor from the dividend again and again until you cannot subtract anymore.

Division Using Factors

This method uses the factors of numbers to simplify division. If you know the factors of both the dividend and divisor, you can divide them more easily by canceling out common factors.

Solved Examples on Division

Here are ten carefully worked examples that show different division concepts. Each example includes the complete solution so you can understand every step.

Example 1: Basic Division with No Remainder

Divide 36 by 6.

Solution:

We need to find how many times 6 fits into 36. We can think of this as sharing 36 items into 6 equal groups. Counting by sixes: 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36. We count six times, so 36 ÷ 6 = 6. The answer is 6. Each group has 6 items, and there is nothing left over.

Example 2: Division with a Remainder

Divide 25 by 4.

Solution: Using long division or repeated subtraction, we find how many times 4 fits into 25. Four fits into 25 exactly 6 times (4 × 6 = 24), with 1 left over. So 25 ÷ 4 = 6 remainder 1. We can also write this as 25 ÷ 4 = 6 with R1 or as the mixed number 6¼ when expressed as a fraction.

Example 3: Dividing a Three-Digit Number

Divide 456 by 12.

Solution: Using long division, we work from left to right. First, we see that 12 does not fit into 4, so we look at 45. Twelve fits into 45 three times (12 × 3 = 36). We subtract: 45 - 36 = 9. We bring down the 6 to make 96. Twelve fits into 96 exactly 8 times (12 × 8 = 96). We subtract: 96 - 96 = 0. Therefore, 456 ÷ 12 = 38 with no remainder.

Example 4: Division When the Divisor is 1

Divide 89 by 1.

Solution: Any number divided by 1 always equals that number itself. This is because 1 represents the whole, and if you divide into one group, you have one group of the whole number. So 89 ÷ 1 = 89.

Example 5: Division When the Dividend Equals the Divisor

Divide 15 by 15.

Solution: Any number divided by itself always equals 1. This is because you are making one group of that number. You have exactly one of whatever you are measuring. Therefore, 15 ÷ 15 = 1.

Example 6: Division Involving Larger Numbers

Divide 648 by 8.

Solution: Using long division, we start from the left. Eight fits into 6 zero times, so we look at 64. Eight fits into 64 exactly 8 times (8 × 8 = 64). We subtract: 64 - 64 = 0. We bring down the 8 to make 8. Eight fits into 8 exactly 1 time. We subtract: 8 - 8 = 0. Therefore, 648 ÷ 8 = 81.

Example 7: Division with Zero in the Quotient

Divide 405 by 5.

Solution: Using long division, five fits into 4 zero times. We look at 40. Five fits into 40 exactly 8 times (5 × 8 = 40). We subtract: 40 - 40 = 0. We bring down the 5 to make 5. Five fits into 5 exactly 1 time. Therefore, 405 ÷ 5 = 81.

Example 8: Division Using the Verification Formula

Divide 37 by 6 and verify the answer.

Solution: Using long division, six fits into 37 exactly 6 times (6 × 6 = 36), with 1 left over. So 37 ÷ 6 = 6 remainder 1. To verify: Dividend = (Divisor × Quotient) + Remainder becomes 37 = (6 × 6) + 1 = 36 + 1 = 37. Our answer is correct.

Example 9: Division of Money

A teacher wants to distribute 240 dollars equally among 8 students. How much money does each student receive?

Solution: We need to divide 240 by 8. Using division, 240 ÷ 8 = 30. Each student receives 30 dollars. We can verify: 8 × 30 = 240, which confirms our answer.

Example 10: Division in Real Life - Sharing Items

Sarah has 56 candies and wants to put them into bags with 7 candies in each bag. How many bags will she need?

Solution: We need to divide 56 by 7. Using division, 56 ÷ 7 = 8. Sarah will need 8 bags. Each bag will contain exactly 7 candies, and no candies will be left over. We can verify: 8 × 7 = 56, which confirms our answer.

Practice Questions on Division

1. Divide 48 by 6.

2. Divide 57 by 8.

3. Divide 125 by 5.

4. Divide 243 by 9.

5. Divide 100 by 4.

6. Divide 89 by 7.

7. Divide 256 by 8.

8. Divide 144 by 12.

9. A baker has 360 cookies to pack into boxes. Each box holds 12 cookies. How many boxes does the baker need?

10. A school has 480 students that need to be divided into 15 equal classes. How many students will be in each class?

Division Worksheet for Class

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