Multiplication is one of the four basic operations in maths, along with addition, subtraction, and division. It helps us find the total when the same number is added again and again.

For example, if you have 3 groups of 4 apples each, instead of adding 4 + 4 + 4, you can multiply: 3 × 4 = 12. So, there are 12 apples in total.

Multiplication is a faster way of repeated addition. In Class 4, you will learn how to multiply bigger numbers, understand the multiplication tables, and solve real-life problems using multiplication.

What is Multiplication?
Multiplication Formula
Solved Examples on Multiplication for class 4
Practice Questions on Multiplication for class 4
Multiplication Worksheet for Class 4
Frequently Asked Questions on Multiplication for Class 4

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What is Multiplication?

Multiplication is one of the four basic operations in mathematics. Multiplication is a fast way to add the same number many times. Instead of adding the same number over and over again, multiplication helps us to find the result much faster.

The symbol used for multiplication is the multiplication sign (×) or (*).

Multiplication Formula

The multiplication formula explains the relationship between the numbers involved in a multiplication operation.

Multiplicand × Multiplier = Product

Another important formula involves the distributive property. This property shows how multiplication works with addition. The formula is written as:

a × (b + c) = (a × b) + (a × c)

For example, 5 × (3 + 2) equals (5 × 3) + (5 × 2), which is 15 + 10 = 25.

Solved Examples on Multiplication for Class 4

Example 1: Basic Single-Digit Multiplication

Multiply 6 by 8.

Answer: 6 × 8 = 48

Example 2: Multiplying by 10

Multiply 25 by 10.

Answer: 25 × 10 = 250

Example 3: Two-Digit by One-Digit Multiplication

Multiply 34 by 7.

Answer: 34 × 7 = 238

Example 4: Two-Digit by Two-Digit Multiplication

Multiply 23 by 15.

Answer: 23 × 15 = 345

Example 5: Multiplication Using the Commutative Property

Multiply 9 by 12.

Answer: 9 × 12 = 108

Example 6: Three-Digit by Two-Digit Multiplication

Multiply 125 by 24.

Answer: 125 × 24 = 3000

Example 7: Multiplication Using the Distributive Property

Multiply 8 by 13 using the distributive property by breaking 13 into 10 and 3.

Answer: 8 × 13 = 104

Example 8: Multiplying Numbers Ending in Zero

Multiply 120 by 50.

Answer: 120 × 50 = 6000

Example 9: Real Life Multiplication - Shopping

Sarah wants to buy 6 notebooks for school. Each notebook costs 12 dollars. How much will she spend on notebooks in total?

Answer: 6 × 12 = 72

Example 10: Real Life Multiplication - Area Calculation

Length = 15 m, Width = 8 m. Find area.

Answer: 15 × 8 = 120 m²

Practice Questions on Multiplication for Class 4

1: Multiply 7 by 9.

2: Multiply 15 by 4.

3: Multiply 23 by 6.

4: Multiply 32 by 11.

5: Multiply 45 by 20.

6: Multiply 18 by 25.

7: Multiply 56 by 8.

8: Multiply 27 by 13.

9: A farmer plants 12 rows of corn with 35 plants in each row. How many corn plants does the farmer have in total?

10: A school library orders 8 boxes of books. Each box contains 24 books. How many books does the library receive in total?

Multiplication Worksheet for Class 4

Download Multiplication Worksheet for Class 4 Easy

Download Multiplication Worksheet for Class 4 Medium

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Frequently Asked Questions on Multiplication for Class 4

1. What is multiplication in Class 4 Maths?

Multiplication is the process of adding the same number repeatedly. It helps you find the total when equal groups are combined.

2. What are multiplicand, multiplier, and product?

Multiplicand: The number being multiplied
Multiplier: The number you multiply by
Product: The result of multiplication

3. How do you multiply 2-digit or 3-digit numbers?

Multiply digit by digit and add the partial products.

4. What is the multiplication formula?

$\text{Multiplicand} \times \text{Multiplier} = \text{Product}$

5. Why is multiplication important?

Multiplication helps in fast calculations, solving problems, and understanding concepts like area and division.

6. What are the basic properties of multiplication?

The basic properties of multiplication are:

Commutative Property: Changing the order of the numbers does not change the product.
Associative Property: Changing the grouping of the numbers does not change the product.
Distributive Property: Multiply a number by each addend separately, then add the results.
Identity Property: Any number multiplied by 1 remains the same.
Zero Property: Any number multiplied by 0 equals 0.

7. What are the basic terms used in multiplication?

The main terms are:

Multiplicand: The number being multiplied.
Multiplier: The number you multiply by.
Product: The answer obtained after multiplication.
Factors: The numbers that are multiplied together.

8. How do you multiply a 3 digit number by a 2 digit number?

Multiply the 3 digit number by the ones digit first, then by the tens digit. Write the second partial product one place to the left and add both partial products to get the final answer.

9. How do you do 3 digit by 1 digit multiplication?

Multiply the 1 digit number by each digit of the 3 digit number from right to left, carry over when necessary, and write the final product.

10. How do you multiply numbers by 10, 100, and 1,000?

Multiply by:

10: Add one zero (or move the digits one place left).
100: Add two zeros (or move the digits two places left).
1,000: Add three zeros (or move the digits three places left).

11. How can I identify a multiplication word problem?

Look for keywords such as each, every, groups of, times, rows, columns, equal groups, total, or altogether. These often indicate that multiplication is needed.

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Multiplication for Class 4: Definition, Steps and Solved Examples

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